Cervicitis

Clin Infect Dis 2007:44(suppl 3) S102-10.

- Two most common causes are Chlamydia trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae.

- Other etiologies include:

• Trichomonas vaginalis

• Herpes simplex

• bacterial vaginosis

• Mycoplasmoides genitalium (previously Mycoplasma genitalium)

• S. agalactiae and S. pyogenes

• chemical douches/spermicides

Although a causal role has not been determined, CMV, EBV, HTLV-1 have been isolated in women with cervical inflammation.

- For all women with cervicitis recommend test and treat, if positive, for concomitant vaginal conditions especially BV and Trichomonas vaginalis, and consider genital herpes.

Diagnosis:

- NAAT (vaginal or endocervical swab, or urine (less sensitive) recommended for both Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

- Test and treat regardless of clinical signs/symptoms, all recent (60 days) sexual contacts. Patients should abstain from sexual intercourse during, and for 7 days after therapy, and until all their sexual partners are treated. Repeat treatment if re-exposed to untreated partner.